Internal-combustion engine



Nom 9 1926.

R. MIDGLEY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 25, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 9, 191%,

R. MIDGLEY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 25, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet' nbanfoz far /az if,

@Montants ROY MIDGLEY, OF MOUNT DORA, FLORIDA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led January 25, 1926. Serial No. 83,577.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, the primary object thereof being the provision of an improved construction of an internal combustion engine having a self contained air and fuel couipressor. Another' object of the invention is to provide in an :internal `combustion engine air pressure means for scavenging exhaust gases from the engine cylinder. A still further object of the invention resides in the provision of a novel and improved fuel feed and valve arrangement for internal combustion engines.

`With these objects in view and such others as'will be apparent from the description, my invention resides inthe novel combination, construction, and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings of which:-

Figure 1 is a central vertical section through an engine constructed in accordance with the principles of the invent ion;

Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof, as from the left of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal lsection on the line 3 3 ot' Figure 1;

Figures/l, 5, t3, and 7 are reduced vertical sections through an engine illustrating the cycle of operations.

In detail, the engine comprises a crank case 10 provided with an upstanfling throat 11 partially closed at its upper end by an annular web 12 provided at its center with a vertically extending enlarged hearing sleeve 13 through which is guided for vertical movement the depending skirt 14 of a piston 15 operating in a casing 16 suitably secured over the crank case throat 1l and annular web 12.

The piston 15 is operated from the piston crank shaft 17 through the medium of a conventional connecting rod assembly 18 in connection with a Wrist pin 19 mounted in the lower end of the depending skirt 14 of the piston. The head 2O of the engine cylinder has disposed therein the usual spark plug 21 for igniting the fuel charge, and contains in addition an intake valve 22 and an exhaust valve 23 arranged in the head in the conventional manner of overhead valve assembly.

The wall of the engine cylinder adjacent 'its bottom is formed with ,a lateral valve head 24 containing a pair 'of inwardly opening valves 25 and 226. A fuel discharge is supplied to the engine cylinder fro-1n the carbureter 27 through an 'intake manifold 28 having two branches 29 and 30,

the upper branch 29 communicating with 60 The valve 26 at the lower end of the 65 engine cylinder is arranged for communication witlrthe atmosphere so that air may be drawn into the cylinder at its lower end when the valve is open. The intake valve 22 and exhaust 23 in the cylinder head are 70 operated by rocker arms 31 and 32 respectively, wliich are actuated by push rods and 84 respectively, the movements of which are controlled by cams 35 and 36 secured to a cam shaft 37 disposed adjacent the 75 valve assembly in the lower end of the engine cylinder, and having operative connection with the engine crank shaft. A cam 38 carried by the cam shaft actuates a rocker arm 39 in timed relation for de- 80 pressing the stern of the valve 25 for opening and closing said valve, while the valve 26 similarly operated through the medium of a cam 40 on the sha-ft 37 engagwall of the cylinder 1G, oppositeY the valves `25 and 26 is provided with a by pass 42 providing Vcommunication between the lower end of the cylinder and the interior thereof around the piston 15 when the "90 piston 1s in lowermost position.

The cams are so arranged upon the cam shaft that the two sets of valves will be operated in timed relation to the travel of the piston for accomplishing the following operations. l/Vith the parts in position as illustrated in Figure 1 it is assumed that the piston is at the top of the cylinder on the commencement of the power stroke, the explosive cliarge having been tired by the spark plug 21. During the upward travel of the piston preparatory to its downward moveinent on the power stroke, the valve 26 is opened to allow air to be sucked into thev lower end of the engine cylinder behind the -piston 15. 0n downward movement of the piston on the power stroke valve 26 closes and valve 25 remains closed so that the air taken into the cylinder is compressed by the piston so that as the piston in its downward movement to the dotted line position shown in Figure 1 clears the by passrfl2 the oomlng a valve operating rocker arm 41,4 The 55 by, but that any desired changes and modipressed air Will be discharged into the cylinder, scavenging the cylinder of all exhaust gases contained therein, out through the open exhaust valve. On the upstroke of the piston the discharge of the burned gas in the top of the cylinder is completed and the valve 25 is opened to permit live gas being taken into the lower end of the cylinderl behind `the piston. As the piston reaches its top on the upstroke of the piston.

It will be apparent that an engine constructed in accordance with the present invention, is provided with plural intake means whereby a maximum amount of fuelgas isfed to thecylinder and compressed therein. The construction of the web 12 at the bottom of the cylinder in conjunction with the assembly of the valves 25 and 26, acts with the piston 15 to form an eiicient compressor in the lower end of the cylinder for `discharge into the interior of the cylinder as the pistonreaches its bottom center. The discharge of air into the cylinder after the power stroke forms a positive scavengingmeans for expelling burned gases from the interior of the cylinder. While in this preferred embodiment of the invention I have illustrated and described certain details entering into the construction and operation thereof, I desire it to be understood that the invention is not to 4be limited therefications may be made in the details thereof as will fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

l. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having fuel intake and exhaust valves in the head thereof. an annular web formed in the bottoni of said cylinder to close the same, a bearing sleeve formed through said web, a piston in said cylinder,a depending skirt on said piston and slidable through said sleeve, a fuel intake valve in the wall of the cylinder above said-web, an air inlet valve in the wall of the cylinder above said web, a common means for operating all of said valves in timed relation, and a by pass in the cylinder wall opposite ithe val-ves adjacent said web, for discharging alternately compressed fuel and air from beneath said piston to the interior of the cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having fuel intake and exhaust valves in the head thereof, an annular web formed in the bottom of said cylinder for closing the lower end thereof. said web having a bearingr sleeve formed integral therewith and centrally therethrough. a piston in said cylinder, a depending cylindrical skirt on said piston and slidablethrough said sleeve, a fuel intake valve in the Wall of the cylinder directly above said web, an air inlet valve in the wall of the cylinder directly above said web, a common cam shaft controlled means for operating all of said valves in timed relation, said cylinder wall being formed with an integral by-pass disposed at the bottom of the cylinder and opposite the valves adjacent said web, for disposing fuel and air alternately compressed between said piston and web to the interior ofthe cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have aixed my.

signature. 

